82 at 3 years, 0.85 at 5 years, and 0.89 at 10 years in the derivation cohort, and 0.82, 0.79, and 0.77 in the validation cohort, respectively. Conclusions  We developed/validated a simple cirrhosis prediction model with an independent external cohort that can be applied to both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced CHB patients in diverse settings and locations.Background and objectives E-Health solutions are an innovative approach to support ageing with cognitive impairment. Since technology is developing in fast pace, the aim of this review is to present an overview of the research regarding the effectiveness of these solutions. Moreover, availability of these solutions was examined. Research design and methods Systematic searches were conducted in seven databases. Full-texts of potentially relevant references were assessed by two reviewers, and discrepancies were solved through discussion. Data on study characteristics, technology type, application domain, availability, outcomes and effects were extracted. A categorization exercise and narrative synthesis were conducted. Results In total, 72 studies describing 70 e-Health solutions were identified. The majority of solutions comprised cognitive training for older adults, followed by educational and supportive web platforms for caregivers. Outcomes included mainly measures of cognition, psychosocial functioning, caregiving processes, caregiver-care receiver relationship and activities of daily living. Positive effects of cognitive training technologies were observed on cognitive functioning of older adults, as well as those of supportive web platforms on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and caregiver self-efficacy. Effects of these solutions on depression in both target groups were inconclusive. The methodological quality of the studies was moderate to good. However, some important limitations were observed. Discussion and implications The review identified cognitive training solutions and supportive web platforms as the most effective on a limited number of outcomes. Although other solutions seem promising, further research has to overcome methodological issues. Furthermore, solutions for leisure and reminiscence and outcomes specifically related to independent living deserve more attention.Context The potential for endocrine care via telemedicine has been recognized since the early 2000s when clinical outcome data demonstrated improvements in glycemic control with telemedicine. The widespread use of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic has pushed telemedicine beyond diabetes care and into clinical areas with a paucity of published data. The evaluation and treatment of thyrotoxicosis heavily relies on laboratory assessment and imaging with physical exam playing a role to help differentiate the etiology and assess the severity of thyrotoxicosis. Case description We describe a patient presenting for evaluation of new thyrotoxicosis via telemedicine, and describe modifications to consider for thorough, safe evaluation via telemedicine. Conclusion Telemedicine may be an ideal way to assess and treat patients with thyrotoxicosis who are not able to physically attend a visit with an endocrinologist but still have access to a laboratory for blood draws. Potential challenges include access to imaging and high-volume surgeons if needed. Clinical and economic outcomes of telemedicine care of thyrotoxicosis should be studied so that standards of care for endocrine telemedicine can be established.Ketone bodies - 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB), acetoacetate and acetone - are ancient, evolutionarily preserved, small fuel substrates, which uniquely can substitute and alternate with glucose under conditions of fuel and food deficiency. Once canonized as a noxious, toxic pathogen leading to ketoacidosis in patients with diabetes, it has by now become increasingly clear that 3-OHB possesses a large number of beneficial, life preserving effects in the fields of clinical science and medicine. 3-OHB, the most prominent ketone body, binds to specific hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptors(HCAR) and inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, free fatty acid receptors (FFAR) and the NLRP3 inflammasome, tentatively inhibiting lipolysis, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer growth, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis and perhaps contributing to the increased longevity associated with exercise and caloric restriction. Clinically ketone bodies/ketogenic diets have for a long period of time been used to reduce the incidence of seizures in epilepsy and may have a role in the treatment of other neurological diseases such as dementia. 3-OHB also acts to preserve muscle protein during systemic inflammation and as an important component of the metabolic defense against insulin induced hypoglycemia. Most lately, a number of studies have reported that 3-OHB dramatically increases myocardial blood flow and cardiac output in control subjects and patients with heart failure. At the moment scientific interest in ketone bodies, in particular 3-OHB is in a hectic transit and - hopefully - future, much needed, controlled clinical studies will reveal and determine to which extent the diverse biological manifestations of 3-OHB should be introduced medically.The success of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) depends heavily on the delicate balance between the activity of the donor immune system against malignant and non-malignant cells of the recipient. Abrogation of alloreactivity will lead to disease relapse, while untamed allo-immune responses will lead to lethal graft versus host disease (GvHD). A number of cell types have been identified that can be employed to suppress alloreactive immune cells and prevent lethal GvHD in mice. Of those, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and to a lesser extent regulatory T cells (Treg) have demonstrated efficacy in humans. https://www.selleckchem.com/ Ideally, cellular therapy for GvHD will not impact on alloreactive immune responses against tumor cells. The importance of tissue damage in the pathophysiology of GvHD rationalizes the development of cells that support tissue homeostasis and repair, such as innate lymphoid cells (ILC). We here discuss recent developments in the field of cellular therapy to prevent and treat acute and chronic GvHD, in the context of GvHD pathophysiology.


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Last-modified: 2025-01-23 (木) 07:07:23 (26d)