Our findings bring new understanding on the factors determining the dynamics of mycoplankton communities by modelling the influence of physicochemical variables and tracking the geographical distribution of certain fungal taxa. To examine the nursing care factors investigated regarding their influence on outcomes of critically ill patients. A large number of studies have considered patients' outcomes as sensitive to nursing practice in intensive care unit environments. However, no summary of nursing factors influencing these outcomes has been provided. Rapid review, following the seven-stage process outlined by Tricco and colleagues. Articles published up to March 2020 were identified in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus databases. Eligibility of studies was first assessed at the title and abstracts level. Study inclusion was then established by two researchers by analysing the full texts. A total of 93 studies were included, with a total of 21 nursing care factors documented. At the structural level, nursing factors have been investigated at the organizational and at the personnel level. At the process level, nurse-led programmes, independent nursing interventions and nurse behaviours have been investigated to date. The set of nursing factors that emerged can be used in future research to improve poorly developed areas and to accumulate further evidence through additional studies, both at managerial and practice levels.The set of nursing factors that emerged can be used in future research to improve poorly developed areas and to accumulate further evidence through additional studies, both at managerial and practice levels. Systematic reviews suggested that the eradication efficacy of PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy is similar to that of other commonly used regimens. However, it might be affected by the medication frequency. Basic and clinical studies have shown that dual therapy administered four-times daily has a reliable pathophysiological basis and could achieve satisfactory efficacy. Therefore, a systematic review of RCTs of dual therapy and other regimens was conducted to clarify whether dual therapy is superior to guidelines recommended regimens. The RCTs comparing dual therapy with other regimens were subjected to meta-analysis to evaluate the eradication rate, adverse reactions, and compliance using a random-effects model. Dual therapy administered four-times daily had a higher eradication rate than other regimens (intention-to-treat analysis 89.7% vs 84.6%, OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.08-2.14, p=0.02; per-protocol analysis 92.6% vs 88.2%, OR 1.54, 95%CI 1.01-2.34, p=0.04). In first-line therapy, according to intention-to-treat analysis, the eradication rate of dual therapy was higher than other regimens (89.8% vs 84.2%, OR 1.63, 95%CI 1.02-2.61, p=0.04). In per-protocol analysis, dual therapy showed better efficacy than others (92.9% vs 88.3%, OR 1.68, 95% CI 0.98-2.89, p=0.06), but not significantly. In salvage treatment, no significant difference was detected. The safety of dual therapy was significantly better than other regimens (19.6% vs 36.7%, p<0.01), but no difference was observed in compliance (p=0.58). PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy administered four-times daily has better efficacy and safety in H. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Vorinostat-saha.html pylori eradication than current guidelines recommended regimens, especially in first-line therapy, and mainly in Asia.PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy administered four-times daily has better efficacy and safety in H. pylori eradication than current guidelines recommended regimens, especially in first-line therapy, and mainly in Asia. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) has remained the leading cause of maternal mortality. While anemia is a leading contributor to maternal morbidity, molecular, cellular and anemia-induced hypoxia, clinical studies of the relationship between prenatal-anemia and PPH have reported conflicting results. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the outcomes of studies on the relationships between prenatal anemia and PPH-related mortality. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, PROSPERO, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for studies published before August 2019. Keywords included "anemia," "hemoglobin," "postpartum hemorrhage," and "postpartum bleeding." Only studies involving the association between anemia and PPH were included in the meta-analysis. Our primary analysis used random effects models to synthesize odds-ratios (ORs) extracted from the studies. Heterogeneity was formally assessed with the Higgins' I statistics, and explored using meta-regression and subgroup analysis. We found 13 eligible studies investigating the relationship between prenatal anemia and PPH. Our findings suggest that severe prenatal anemia increases PPH risk (OR=3.54; 95% CI 1.20, 10.4, p-value=0.020). There was no statistical association with mild (OR=0.60; 95% CI 0.31, 1.17, p-value=0.130), or moderate anemia (OR=2.09; 95% CI 0.40, 11.1, p-value=0.390) and the risk of PPH. Severe prenatal anemia is an important predictive factor of adverse outcomes, warranting intensive management during pregnancy. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42020149184; https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=149184.Severe prenatal anemia is an important predictive factor of adverse outcomes, warranting intensive management during pregnancy. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42020149184; https//www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=149184.Global change has altered nitrogen availability in boreal forest soils. As ectomycorrhizal fungi play critical ecological functions, shifts in their abundance and community composition must be considered in the response of forests to changes in nitrogen availability. Furthermore, ectomycorrhizas are symbiotic, so the response of ectomycorrhizal fungi to nitrogen cannot be understood in isolation of their plant partners. Most previous studies, however, neglect to measure the response of host trees to nitrogen addition simultaneously with that of fungal communities. In addition to being one-sided, most of these studies have also been conducted in coniferous forests. Deciduous and "dual-mycorrhizal" tree species, namely those that form ecto- and arbuscular mycorrhizas, have received little attention despite being widespread in the boreal forest. We applied nitrogen (30 kg ha-1 year-1 ) for 13 years to stands dominated by aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and hypothesized that tree stem radial growth would increase, ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass would decrease, ectomycorrhizal fungal community composition would shift, and the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi would increase. |