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A new Tardigrada species, Claxtonia goni sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in the central area of the Haleakalā National Park, the island of Maui, Hawaii, U.S.A. The new species and Clx. pardalis (Degma Schill, 2015) together with several examples of Clx. wendti (Richters, 1903) are the only known Claxtonia species with the plates having an intracuticular pattern resembling that on a leopard's fur. Claxtonia goni sp. nov. differs from Clx. pardalis in the absence of pores on leg plates, in smaller and uniform pores on dorso-lateral plates, in very unequally spaced teeth in the dentate collar, in lesser ratio of internal cephalic cirrus and lateral cirrus A lengths, and in relatively shorter claws in fourth pair of legs. The differences between the new species and the other congeners as well as Echiniscus species with the same cirri composition and similar cuticular sculpture are also defined. The diagnosis of the genus Claxtonia is amended and three Echiniscus species are transferred into the genus with the proposed new combinations Claxtonia aliquantilla (Grigarick, Schuster Nelson, 1983) comb. nov., Clx. mosaica (Grigarick, Schuster Nelson, 1983) comb. nov. and Clx. nigripustula (Horning, Schuster Grigarick, 1978) comb. nov..The remarkable diversity in male and female genital morphology among the species of Sitona Germar might contribute to the understanding of the structural "lock-and-key" isolating mechanism. Recently, it has been found that in spite of the phallic sizes in male weevils of the genus Sitona, their internal sacs should precisely match with the vaginal infoldings of conspecific females. The present research also deals with the male transfer apparatus, which is a special organ for insemination procedure inside the female bursa copulatrix. A wedge-shaped structure with a fused ejaculatory pump was distinguished as the bio-syringe part of the transfer apparatus in the examined species. Two paired sclerites of the transfer apparatus support the bio-syringe, so that it would slide freely between them and lock precisely over the opening of the spermathecal duct inside the bursa copulatrix of the female. In this phenomenon, several new structures were also found, including a bursal sclerite ("bursal disc") and a pair of miniature pouches ("bursal plugs") which are embedded in the thickened wall of the female bursal lumen. These findings explain how the shapes of male and female copulatory organs are normally species-specific and provide an opportunity for understanding the role of the structural lock-and-key isolating mechanism.Four Chinese species of the genus Didrepanephorus Wood-Mason, 1878 with dense setae on dorsal surface are illustrated, including D. heterocolor Qiu, Zhao Xu, new species from Guizhou. Didrepanephorus mucronatus Arrow, 1921 and D. subvittatus Benderitter, 1922 are newly recorded from China in Yunnan and Guangxi respectively. Detailed descriptions, intraspecific variations, and natural history are provided for the aforementioned species. Previously unknown female of D. nishiyamai Muramoto, 2006 is documented for the first time.Andrena is the second most speciose genus of bees, with around 1,500 species known globally. It is predominantly distributed through the Holarctic with severely limited diversity in other biogeographical regions, and with the greatest species richness in arid and Mediterranean areas. Despite a long history of study, many species remain undescribed. As part of an ongoing revision of undetermined Old World material, many new species have been discovered in museum collections. Andrena (Micrandrena) atlantea spec. nov. from Morocco, Andrena (Carandrena) hoggara spec. nov. from Algeria, Andrena (Aciandrena) plumbea spec. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2157299.html nov., Andrena (Carandrena) inflata spec. nov., Andrena (Chrysandrena) rubricorpora spec. nov., Andrena (Orandrena) densissima spec. nov. from Tunisia, Andrena (?Aciandrena) badiyah spec. nov., Andrena (Micrandrena) convexifrons spec. nov. from Jordan, Andrena (?Aciandrena) palmyriae spec. nov., Andrena (Graecandrena) virguladivina spec. nov., Andrena (Suandrena) inaquosa spec. nov., Andrena (Truncandrena) syriensis spec. nov. from Syria, Andrena karia spec. nov. (incertae sedis) from Turkey, and Andrena (Pallandrena) persica spec. nov. and Andrena (Pallandrena) zagrosa spec. nov. from Iran are described. The description of these 15 new species confirms the extent to which our understanding of this genus remains incomplete in the arid, Mediterranean, and mountainous parts of the Old World.The known cicada fauna of Madagascar is identified. Yanga mahajangaensis n. sp., Nelbroma betrokaensis n. gen., n. sp., Trismarcha parva n. sp., Abroma bezamahafalyensis n. sp., Abroma falcata n. sp., Timbaltransversa pronotosigillata n. gen., n. sp., Malagasia argentea n. sp., Malagasia italivianaensis n. sp., Malagasia rubrastragala n. sp., Deremeces andringitraensis n. gen., n. sp., Malgachialna rubracosta n. sp., and Cephalalna tulearensis n. sp. are described as new. The genera Mouldspsaltria n. gen., and Orientafroinsularis n. gen. are described as new with the reassignment of Mouldspsaltria madegassa (Boulard, 1996) n. comb., Orientafroinsularis elenae n. comb., rev. stat., Orientafroinsularis hova (Distant, 1905b) n. comb., Orientafroinsularis loici (Boulard, 2000) n. comb., Orientafroinsularis martini (Distant, 1905b) n. comb., Orientafroinsularis matilei (Boulard, 2000) n. comb., Orientafroinsularis nigrans (Distant, 1904) n. comb., Orientafroinsularis pulverulenta (Distant, 1905b) n. comb., Orienta The currently known cicada fauna of Madagascar is comprised of 65 species from 25 genera, eight tribes and three subfamilies.The genus Meriola Banks currently includes 24 known species of spiders distributed across America, especially in southern South America. They have a nearly straight and narrower posterior eye row compared to other American genera of Trachelidae, and elongated and sharply tipped ventral leg cuspules. The study of specimens of Meriola available in collections revealed two undescribed species, M. avalosi sp. nov. and M. peras sp. nov., and the previously unknown females of M. balcarce Platnick Ewing and M. quilicura Platnick Ewing, all of which are described here. The female of M. lineolata (Mello-Leitão) comb. nov., transferred from Cetonana Strand, is described for the first time. Two further new combinations are proposed here M. macrocephala (Nicolet) comb. nov., transferred from Trachelopachys Simon, and M. setosa (Simon) comb. nov., transferred from Cetonana; these two species are also considered senior synonyms of M. barrosi (Mello-Leitão) and M. hyltonae (Mello-Leitão), respectively. Additionally, a new sex matching of M.