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NAFLD, in the absence of diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia, was more highly associated with CRC than when one or more of these conditions are present. Conclusions CRC should be considered as a possibility in patients with fatty liver index ≥ 60, even in the absence of obesity or other metabolic syndromes.Background/Aims Untreated rupture of the thoracic aorta is associated with a high mortality rate. We aimed to review the clinical results of endovascular treatment for ruptured thoracic aortic disease. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data on 37 patients (mean age, 67.0 ± 15.18 years) treated for ruptured thoracic aortic disease from January 2005 to May 2016. The median follow-up duration was 308 days (interquartile range, 61 to 1,036.5). The primary end-point of the study was the composite of death, secondary intervention, endoleak, and major stroke/paraplegia after endovascular treatment. Results The etiologies of ruptured thoracic aortic disease were aortic dissection (n = 11, 29.7%), intramural hematoma (n = 7, 18.9%), thoracic aortic aneurysm (n = 14, 37.8%), and traumatic aortic transection (n = 5, 13.5%). Three patients died within 24 hours of thoracic endovascular aortic repair, and one showed type I endoleak. The technical success rate was 89.2% (33/37). The in-hospital mortality rate was 13.5% (5/37); no deaths occurred during follow-up. The composite outcome rate during follow-up was 37.8% (14/37), comprising death (n = 5, 13.5%), secondary intervention (n = 5, 13.5%), endoleak (n = 5, 13.5%), and major stroke/paraplegia (n = 3, 8.1%). Left subclavian artery revascularization and proximal landing zone were not associated with the composite outcome. Low mean arterial pressure (MAP; ≤ 60 mmHg, [hazard ratio, 13.018; 95% confidence interval, 2.435 to 69.583, p = 0.003]) was the most significant predictor and high transfusion requirement in the first 24 hours was associated with event-free survival (log rank p = 0.018). Conclusions Endovascular treatment achieves high technical success rates and acceptable clinical outcome. High transfusion volume and low MAP were associated with poor clinical outcomes.Background/Aims The diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is based on clinical manifestations and there is no gold standard. Thus, even hematologic malignancy is sometimes misdiagnosed as ITP and adequate treatment is delayed. Therefore, novel diagnostic parameters are needed to distinguish ITP from other causes of thrombocytopenia. Immature platelet fraction (IPF) has been proposed as one of new parameters. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of IPF and developed a diagnostic predictive scoring model for ITP. Methods We retrospectively studied 568 patients with thrombocytopenia. Blood samples were collected and IPF quantified using a fully-automated hematology analyzer. We also estimated other variables that could affect thrombocytopenia by logistic regression analysis. Results The median IPF was significantly higher in the ITP group than in the non-ITP group (8.7% vs. 5.1%). The optimal cut-off value of IPF for differentiating ITP was 7.0%. We evaluated other laboratory variables via logistic regression analysis. IPF, hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and ferritin were statistically significant and comprised a diagnostic predictive scoring model. Our model gave points to each of variables 1 to high hemoglobin (> 12 g/dL), low ferritin (≤ 177 ng/ mL), normal LDH (≤ upper limit of normal) and IPF ≥ 7 and less then 10, 2 to IPF ≥ 10. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ml349.html The final score was obtained by summing the points. We defined that ITP could be predicted in patients with more than 3 points. Conclusions IPF could be a useful parameter to distinguish ITP from other causes of thrombocytopenia. We developed the predictive scoring model. This model could predict ITP with high probability.Background/Aims Frailty is mainly due to an age-related decrease in the physiological reserves needed to maintain biological homeostasis, but it can also occur as a result of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify illnesses associated with frailty in Korean community-dwelling older adults. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that included 2,936 older adults aged between 70 and 84 years who had completed both interviews and physical function assessments for the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Current illnesses diagnosed by physicians were included in the analysis. The definition of frailty was derived from the Fried frailty phenotype. Results The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), arthritis, osteoporosis, urinary incontinence, and lung disease (including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic bronchitis) was higher in the frail group (p less then 0.05). After adjusting for age, sex, physical activity, alcohol, smoking, education, and presence of a spouse, the odds ratios for DM and urinary incontinence in frailty were 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10 to 2.01; p = 0.01) and 1.88 (95% CI, 1.11 to 3.18; p = 0.02). Conclusions In Korean community-dwelling older adults, DM and urinary incontinence were associated with frailty after adjusting for various factors. In the future, the list of comorbid diseases that are appropriate for Korean population- specific frailty assessment should be inventoried.Background/Aims Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), reportedly have anti-inflammatory effects. This study assessed the association of prior use of ACE inhibitors and ARBs with sepsis-related clinical outcomes. Methods A population-based observational study was conducted using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims data. Among the adult patients hospitalized with new onset of sepsis in 2012, patients who took ARBs or ACE inhibitors at least 30 days prior to hospitalization were analyzed. Generalized linear models and logistic regression were used to examine the relation between the prior use of medication and clinical outcomes, such as in-hospital mortality, mechanical ventilation, and length of stay. Results Of a total of 27,628 patients who were hospitalized for sepsis, the ACE inhibitor, ARB, and non-user groups included 1,214 (4.4%), 3,951 (14.4%), and 22,463 (82.1%) patients, respectively.